Turkish-American Relations
How do Turkish-American relations continue so far?
Despite the inequality between Turkey and the United States (US) from many aspects and disparity in various issues over the years, Turkish-American relations have more than 200 years of history.
What kind of components does Turkey hold?
Nevertheless, Turkey still holds one of the more important components of US and NATO missile defense system, i.e, the radar installations at Kürecik, Malatya, which indicates to still existence of areas of cooperation
What is the importance of the visit of the USS George Washington to İstanbul in 1800 ?
The visit of the USS George Washington to İstanbul in 1800 may be considered as the starting point of bilateral relations between Turkey and the US. Since then, the relationship has witnessed and survived two world wars, the collapse of the Ottoman Empire, the birth of the Turkish Republic, a score of hot wars, an over-imposing Cold War, the systemic changes (from the 19th century balance of power through the 20th century bipolarity to loose single-polarity of the post-Cold War era to current multipolarity in world politics) as well as many more ups and downs in bilateral relations.
What is the result of the focus of Washington’s political calculus?
It is clear by now that, as the focus of Washington’s political calculus gradually shifts away from the Middle East, the two states find less and less to cooperate with in the region.
Who is the American officer visited to the Ottoman capital in November 1800 ?
Establishment of Turkish-American relations could be traced as far back as the first official visit of an American officer, Captain William Bainbridge, to the Ottoman capital in November 1800 on board of American frigate USS George Washington (Aydın and Erhan, 2004).
What is called as Sublime Porte (also called Porte)?
Sublime Porte (also called Porte): “the government of the Ottoman Empire. The name is a French translation of Turkish Bâbıâli (‘High Gate’ or ‘Gate of the Eminent’) which was the official name of the gate giving access to the block of buildings in İstanbul that housed the principal state departments”
How many reasons are there the Ottoman Empire for the United States derived from?
United States derived from the following three reasons: 1) to secure free passage for American state ships through the Turkish Straits; 2) to obtain a naval base in the Levant to protect American trade in the region; and 3) to ensure safe and continuous transfer of Caspian (i.e. Baku) and Egyptian oil to the West
Who established the official diplomatic relations with the Ottoman Empire as the first US Charge d’Affaires sometime before 1831?
George William Erving established the official diplomatic relations with the Ottoman Empire as the first US Charge d’Affaires sometime before 1831.
When has the most of the negative images that Turkey suffered in the US?
Similarly, modern Turkey’s struggle against the attempts of various lobbies to blacken Turkish image in the US had its origins dating back to the Ottoman times. Most of the negative images that Turkey has suffered in the US date back to the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.
What happened when General James Harbord came to Anatolia in the fall of 1919 to explore the question of a possible Armenian mandate?
Especially Point 12 of the Fourteen Points was employed by Ankara to justify its demands for full independence. Thus, when General James Harbord came to Anatolia in the fall of 1919 to explore the question of a possible Armenian mandate, he saw Point 12 featured on banners and posters that Mustafa Kemal ordered to be displayed wherever the general visited.
When did the US Congress oppose President Wilson’s interventionist policies and opted for isolationism ?
The US Congress opposed President Wilson’s interventionist policies and opted for isolationism at the end of the First World War.
When was M. Chester from the Ottoman Empire in 1911 to establish a railroad that would link Sivas and Van with Mosul and Kirkuk revive?
Similarly, the rejected concession demand of retired US Admiral Colby M. Chester from the Ottoman Empire in 1911 to establish a railroad that would link Sivas and Van with Mosul and Kirkuk was revived during the Lausanne Conference.
Whı had written in English for American audience in mind to introduce Turkey to the US had facilitated a closer relationship after the Second World War?
Nevertheless, Turkey’s steady move toward the West and the works of various American archeologists and a number of Turks (such as Halide Edip Adıvar, Altemur Kılıç, and Ahmet Emin Yalman) who had written in English for American audience in mind to introduce Turkey to the US had facilitated a closer relationship after the Second World War
What did Churchill point out in his writing to US president Franklin Delano Roosevelt on October 20?
Relations became even more strained when Turkey concluded a new agreement with Germany for the sale of chromium on October 9, 1941. Prime Minister of Britain, Winston Churchill, who had a better grasp of Turkey’s delicate position and believed that Ankara should be strengthened to resist the German pressure, wrote to US president Franklin Delano Roosevelt on October 20, urging him to restore the aid to Turkey. Churchill pointed out that Turkey was very important for the protection of the rear of the British army in Egypt. However, his urging failed to produce change in the US position
When was Turkey on the agenda again?
When foreign ministers of Britain, US, and the Soviet Union met in Moscow in October 1943, Turkey was on the agenda again.
Where did Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin meet in November 1943?
Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin met at the Tehran Conference in November 1943.
Who was On February 7, 1944, instructed to cool off relations with Turkey?
On February 7, 1944, the US ambassador in Ankara, Laurence Steinhardt, was instructed to cool off relations with Turkey
Who summoned the British and US ambassadors to explain the problems that Turkey would encounter if it severed relations with Germany and let them understand that he was expecting the Allies to assist Turkey on this matter?
On July 3, Şükrü Saraçoğlu summoned the British and US ambassadors to explain the problems that Turkey would encounter if it severed relations with Germany and let them understand that he was expecting the Allies to assist Turkey on this matter
When was Most of the little-known bilateral treaties were abrogated and a new set of rules for the Turkish-American cooperation formulated?
Most of the little-known bilateral treaties were abrogated and a new set of rules for the Turkish-American cooperation was formulated in 1969 with the Joint Defense Cooperation Agreement
How did The Cuban missile crisis affect Turkish-American relationshirs?
The Cuban missile crisis affected TurkishAmerican relations negatively as it later became clear that the US had agreed to remove the Jupiter missiles from Turkey without informing Turkey, which actually owned the missiles though not their warheads. The realization that the US negotiated over Turkey without consulting its ally or considering its national interest on an issue that made Turkey a likely target in a nuclear standoff, severely undermined the credibility and the image of the US in Turkey. It also inflamed the already existing anti-Americanism in Turkish public