BÖLGESEL ÖRGÜTLER - Deneme Sınavı - 9

Pan American sanitary organization was the first established organization within OAS.

The following are among the aims of the Organization of American States; 

i. To strengthen peace and security of the continent.
ii. To provide for common action on the part of the states in aggression.
iii. To seek the solution of political, economical and judicial problems
iv. To eradicate extreme poverty.
v. To promote nations’ economical, social and cutural development.

To prepare the proposed program- budget of the Organization on the basis of programs adopted by other entities is NOT one of the functions of OAS General Assembly. It is the function of General Secretiat.

OAS’ security diary consist of the following topics;
i. Multidimensional security
ii. Drugs
iii. Demining
iv. Disarmament
v. Cyber security

The substantive influence of African Union is moderate now because its funds and armed forces are limited.

The Shanghai Organization is the largest regional organization in the World.

European Union aims at forming a binding authority over their member states in economic and political realms.

European Union, is a regional organization which consists of 28 European states that aims at implementing a common economic, social, and security policies. Originally created in western Europe, the EU expanded towards central and eastern Europe following the end of the Cold War.

European Union dates back to 9th of May, 1950, where The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of France at the time, Robert Schuman proposed the idea of establishing a common market for particular countires to delegate control of coal and steel sectors to an independent authority.

The Maastricht Treaty, also known as European Union Treaty, was signed on 7th February, 1992 in Maastricht, Netherlands and came into force in 1993. While this treaty established the European Union in today’s context, it also enhanced the authority of the European Parliament in the decision making process and created new areas of cooperation.

The members of the Commission are appointed by the member states for a period of 5 years. The appointed members should be approved by the Parliament as a whole.

The European parliament consists of 751 members including a president and 750 members from 28 member states. The members are elected by direct votes of people who are citizens of the EU’s member states. The allocation of seats in the parliament depends on the population of the member states.

The Latin American Free Trade Association (LAFTA) was created through 1960 dated Montevideo Treaty, signed by Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay. The founders aimed at forming a common market in Latin America and proposed tariff reductions among the member states.

Andean Community is a trade bloc which aims at forming a customs union among the South African countries of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru. By 2018, the Community has approximately 110 million of population in 3,809,100 square kilometers with a combined GDP (sum of GDP’s of all members) of USD 608 billion USD.

AICHR was created in October 2009 by the ten AICHR Represantatives, one appointed from each Member State. It was inaugurated at the 15th ASEAN Summit in Thailand. AICHR Represantatives come from various backgrounds and serve a three-year term of office. The Terms of Reference (TOR) which involves 14 mandates and function of AICHR was adopted in July 2009 at the ASEAN Foreign Minister Meeting. Accordingly, the main purpose of AICHR is to promote human rights and fundamental freedoms of the peoples of ASEAN.

MERCOSUR, Mercado Común del Sur in Spanish or Common Market of the South, is a trading and political bloc of currently 5 countries in South America: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay.

The survival of these institutions depends on their engagement in a fierce competition between other “fund seeking” persons or institutions for attracting depositors’ savings. In the same way, they must compete with “fund lending” persons and institutions too in order to lend those funds out to investors.

Established in 1974 with concern for the possibility that international capital movements may lead to a global crisis, the Basel Committee for Banking Supervision (BCBS)- the BIS developed into a global meeting place for regulators and for developing international standards-has set forth the issues like business volume of each bank’s capital, whether banks have enough capital to protect themselves from high-risk, and relevant controls, in order to prevent risks that might arise within their own domestic economies.

The Core Principles for Effective Banking Supervision: A report, regularly revised and updated, comprising the standards and recommendations set forth by the Basel Committee regarding effective supervision of banks (Compendium).

The regional development banks (RDBs) are multilateral financial institutions that provide financial and technical assistance for development in low- and middle-income countries within their regions. Finance is allocated through low-interest loans and grants for a range of development sectors such as health and education, infrastructure, public administration, financial and private-sector development, agriculture, and environmental and natural resource management