İNGİLİZ/AMERİKAN EDEBİYATI I

According to Greek historian Herodotus, fables were born with the Greek slave named Aesop in the 6th Century BC. These ancient fables are also known as Aesop’s Fables. B is the correct answer.

Fables are the short stories featuring animals and plants which are given human qualities. They show how foolish or wise people can be. While making us laugh, their main purpose is to teach a particular lesson to people. C is the correct answer.

Another ancient form of short story is anecdotes. This short story form was famous during the years of Roman Empire. These forms function as a sort of parable in which the narration is brief and realistic. A is the correct answer.

The episodic story: This type of story also referred to as the “slice of life” type. It consists of one main incident. E is the correct answer.

The plotless short story: In this type, there apparently is no action or very little action. The story appears to be mostly the description of a character or the creation of a mood. A is the correct answer.

A good plot is consisted of five phases. These are initial balance (exposition), rising action, climax, falling action and denouement (resolution). B is the correct answer.

Climax is the highest dramatic tension of the story that the reader can find. In other words, climax is the turning point in the story which shows that nothing will be the same again. C is the correct answer.

Denouement (resolution): It is the final outcome of the story. The main event or the conflict unravels. In resolution loose ends are tied up, the fate and perhaps, the future of the characters is revealed. A is the correct answer.

Static character: This character type remains the same from the beginning of the plot to the end. C is the correct answer.

A foil: It is the character who serves to bring out the qualities of another. A foil makes character seem better, more prominent or different in an important way. D is the correct answer.

Some modern critics name a long short story as novella.

In short it is suitable to keep in mind that, a story is briefly a fictional prose narrative which may vary widely in length. As in a novel the elements of plot, characters, theme and setting are interwoven. A novel may go on for hundreds of pages, mix plots, introduce and eliminate characters, develop several themes and roam from one setting to another but a short story does not have the space to do so.

There is a general belief that fables were originated in India and then carried into Persia and from there spread into Greece, nevertheless; according to Greek historian Herodotus, fables were born with the Greek slave named Aesop in the 6th Century BC. These ancient fables are also known as Aesop’s Fables.

Another ancient form of short story is anecdotes. This short story form was famous during the years of Roman Empire. These forms function as a sort of parable in which the narration is brief and realistic.

The psychological short story: Sometimes the character of the story fits into this category. Typically any action in the story takes place within the character-such as changes in feelings, states of mind, beliefs, desires, and attitudes. One leaves such a story knowing a great deal about what the character is like internally.

Climax is the highest dramatic tension of the story that the reader can find. In other words, climax is the turning point in the story which shows that nothing will be the same again.

Person against Person: This is a typical protagonist verses antagonist scenario. The good guy and the bad guy have some kind of battle in this type of conflict.

Mark Twain wrote the novel but the narrator or the speaker is Huck Finn. The story is told from Huck Finn’s perspective. By doing this Mark Twain selects a special angle of a vision of a boy who moves through the tick of events, with a mind at times shrewd, at other times innocent.

The omniscient: In this type, the narrator is all-knowing and is able to tell us what each character is thinking using the third person. The narrator in such circumstances can direct the reader’s attention to the inner thoughts of any of the characters and controls the sources of information.

Stock character: (A stereotype character) a stock character is a familiar figure who appears regularly in certain literary forms. Among the most familiar stock character of contemporary fiction and cinema are the tough (often insensitive) realistic and cynical detective and the absent minded professor.