KALİTE YÖNETİMİ

If a company starts the Data Collection from own organization and the benchmarking partner, The Deployment phase is the subject.

Continuous Improvement cannot be carried off without individual improvement. Therefore, Mansir and Schacht (1989;5-20) also presented an “Individual Improvement Model” consisting of seven steps:
Step 1: Envision Personal Improvement
Step 2: Enable Personal Improvement
Step 3: Focus on Improvement
Step 4: Improve Your Job
Step 5: Improve Yourself
Step 6: Help Others Improve
Step 7: Evaluate Improvement Progress

CIP includes eleven compatible and mutually supporting principles: the constancy of purpose, commitment to quality, customer focus and involvement, process orientation, continuous improvement, system-centered management, investment in knowledge, teamwork, and conservation of human resources, total
involvement, and perpetual commitment.

Lean is one of the main constructs in continuous improvement, and generally, it is synonymous with eliminating wastes. It is true that lean is a continuous improvement process. Continuous improvement is one of the main concepts of Lean Management, and it is used synonymously with Kaizen. Elimination of waste, Just-in-Time, perfect quality, visual management, and human resources management are the other main concepts in lean thinking.

Lean as a business improvement method is to produce better products or deliver better services using fewer resources.

Types of Wastes

There are seven types of muda as explained below:

1. Overproduction – Producing items more than required at given point of time is the first type of waste. According to the Ohno, it is so important because it causes unnecessary movement and transport waste

2. Waiting – It is the easiest waste to detect. As it can be understood from the name, workers or products wait for raw material, the machine, information, etc.

3. Unnecessary Transport – This waste is about the material/human transportation from one place to another place. Damage risk should not be ignored in this context.

4. Over processing – Working on a product before the requirement is called over processing.

5. Excess Raw Material – Over processing waste is the reason of this kind of waste.

6. Unnecessary Movement – This waste is about ergonomic factors which affect the workers’ quality of working life.

7. Defects – According to the quality problems, this waste can occur. Some of the parts need to be reproduced or diminished.

Lean and Total Quality Management (TQM) are both universally applicable approaches to improve the quality and the performance in an organization through continuous process improvement. Because lean and TQM are different terms, they have both similarities and differences. First of all, to increase customer satisfaction both of these focus on customer needs and emphasize continuous improvement. However, there are some differences concerning origin, methodologies, tools, and effects.

Lean Six Sigma is defined as “an emerging technology which is used to improve the performance, efficiency and customer satisfaction to sustain in competitive manufacturing and nonmanufacturing environment”

Companies started to implement LSS after the successful results of Motorola and Toyota in their continuous improvement program. Although the origin of both Lean and Six Sigma is the manufacturing sector, there is an increasing trend in the services industry. It is shown in the literature that LSS was implemented in finance, banking, IT, business process outsourcing, shared services, call centers, government operations, military, and higher educational institutions successfully. Singh and Rathi’s (2019) findings (near about 58% of articles are from service sector) show that LSS was implemented in service sector more than manufacturing. The definition of “defect” is important in the service sector.

According to the Meade, benchmarking
• improves practices, services or products;
• involves learning about ‘best practices’ from others;
• accelerates the rate of progress and improvement;
• contributes to continuous quality improvement;
• is an ongoing process;
• promotes fresh and innovative thinking about problems;
• provides hard data on performance;
• focuses not only on what is achieved but how it is achieved;
• involves the adaptation, not merely the adoption, of best practices; and
• results in the setting of specific targets

It should be Continuous Improvement

It should be 7

disintegration is not one of them

Individual work is not one of them

Improving defects is not one of them

It should be lean

Unnecessary Movement is not one them.

It should be Poka-Yoke

It should be Hansei